The hidden supply chain costs of the AI boom

In this Decoder interview, Harvard Business School economist Willy Shih discusses his book Where Does My Stuff Come From? and argues that global supply chains are shaped by economics, so tariffs tend to push manufacturers to reroute production through places like Vietnam and Mexico rather than reshore it. He explains why China remains a manufacturing powerhouse through industrial policy, regional competition and heavy automation investment, and why the iPhone illustrates the difficulty of moving complex production.